北師大版高一英語必修第二冊
Unit 4 information technology重點知識點講解+練習
Unit 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Topic Talk
Technology reallyenables people tocommunicate better with each other。 科技真的能使人們更好地相互交流。
enable sb。 to do sth 讓某人能夠做某事
allow sb。 to do sth。
Eg： The new test should
enable doctors to
detect the disease early。
新的測試應該能夠使醫生早早發現疾病。
Lesson 1
Theylook forward toa time
when
their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger， more exciting virtual worlds。
他們期待著有朝一日，自己的虛擬形象會像真人一樣去環遊更廣闊、更精彩的虛擬世界。
look forward to 期望，等待
Eg：I am
looking forward to
your reply。 我期待您的回覆。
Lesson 3
1。 It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships。
正是這些技能使我們發展終生的友誼。
【強調句型】It is + 被強調部分+ that。。。
判斷強調句的方法：去掉“it is。。。that”後，句子仍然是完整的的則為強調句。
Eg：
It was
I
that
saw a man running in the cold and rainy night。
（ I saw a man running in the cold and rainy night。 強調的部分是主語 I ）
是我看到了一個男人在寒冷的雨夜奔跑。
2。Instead ofhaving proper conversations with their friends， some peopleare only concerned withtheir online popularity——How many “likes” did I get？
一些人不再和朋友好好地交談了，他們只關心自己網上的人氣——-我得了多少個“贊”？
instead of 而不是……
Eg： You probably picked up my keys
instead of
yours。
He was wearing a scarf
instead of
a tie。
He grumbles at his lost
instead of
resolutely facing his difficulties。
他不是果敢的去面對困難，而是抱怨自己運氣不佳。
Instead ad。 代替
Eg：I gave up my epic and wrote this little tale
instead
.
我放棄了寫敘事詩，而寫了這個小故事。
be concerned with 牽涉到，與……有關，掛念，擔心
Eg：We should
be concerned with
the health of the community。
我們應該關心社群人民的健康。
It’s easy to
be concerned with
problems across the other side of the world and not see the poverty and unhappiness on your own doorstep。
人們往往會關注世界另一端的問題，而忽略了家門口的貧困和不幸。
be concerned about 關心，掛念
Eg：we shouldn’t
be concerned about
personal gains or fame。
我們不應該只關心個人所得和名聲。
And employees need to
be concerned about
how they are rated。
而且員工需要對他們如何被評價而感到擔憂。
【GRAMMAR】
----Past Future 過去將來時
一．過去將來時
1。 定義：過去將來時表示從過去某時看將要發生的事
2。 基本構成：主語 + would + V。（原型） /
主語+were（was）going to+V。（原型）
3。 例句
Very few people knew that future avatars
would have
such a wide variety of forms and uses。
They discovered that they
were going to have
the power to create new identities。
【注意】would 用於過去將來時和表示過去重複的動作時含義不同。
He said he
would raise
the question at the meeting。 （past future）
When I was small， my mum
would read
me stories at night。 （repeated action in the past）
【練習】
練習一 I。 選擇填空
1。 Li Ming said he _____happy if Brian_____to China next month。
A。 as； come B。 was； would come C。 would be； came D。 will be； come
2。 Jenny said she _____her holiday in China。
A。 spent B。 would spent C。 was going to spent D。 would spend
3。 —What did your son say in the letter？
—He told me that he ______ the Disney World the next day。
A。 will visit B。 has visited C。 is going to visit D。 would visit
4。 I hoped Tina ______ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday。
A。 to come B。 is coming C。 will come D。 was coming
5。 Father said that he ______ me to Beijing the next year。
A。 took B。 would take C。 takes D。 will take
6。 We were not sure whether they ______ more vegetables。
A。 are going to grow B。 were going to grow
C。 will grow D。 have grown
7。 She ______ to work when the telephone rang。
A。 is going B。 will go C。 was about to go D。 is to go
II。 用所給動詞的適當形式填空
1。 Miss Zhang said she ________（visit） the Great Wall next summer。
2。 She told him that she ________（not stay） here for long。
3。 I wasn’t sure whether Lucy_______（come） the next year。
4。 The scientists said the world’s population _______ （slow） down in future。
5。 She said the bus _______（leave） at five the next morning。
6。 I wasn‘t sure whether he _______（lend） me his book the next morning。
7。 He was fifty-six。 In two years he _______（be） fifty-eight。
8。 Whenever she has time， she ______（help） them in their work。
練習二 I。 選擇填空
1。 Li Ming said he _____happy if Brian_____to China next month。
A。 as； come B。 was； would come
C。 would be； came D。 will be； come
2。 Jenny said she _____her holiday in China。
A。 spent B。 would spent
C。 was going to spent D。 would spend
3。 —What did your son say in the letter？
—He told me that he ______ the Disney World the next day。
A。 will visit B。 has visited C。 is going to visit D。 would visit
4。 I hoped Tina ______ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday。
A。 to come B。 is coming C。 will come D。 was coming
5。 Father said that he ______ me to Beijing the next year。
A。 took B。 would take C。 takes D。 will take
6。 We were not sure whether they ______ more vegetables。
A。 are going to grow B。 were going to grow
C。 will grow D。 have grown
7。 She ______ to work when the telephone rang。
A。 is going B。 will go C。 was about to go D。 is to go
II。 用所給動詞的適當形式填空
1。 Miss Zhang said she ________（visit） the Great Wall next summer。
2。 She told him that she ________（not stay） here for long。
3。 I wasn’t sure whether Lucy_______（come） the next year。
4。 The scientists said the world’s population _______ （slow） down in future。
5。 She said the bus _______（leave） at five the next morning。
6。 I wasn’t sure whether he _______（lend） me his book the next morning。
7。 He was fifty-six。 In two years he _______（be） fifty-eight。
8。 Whenever she has time， she ______（help） them in their work。
練習一：Key：I。 1-7 CDDDBBC
II。 1。 would visit 2。 would not stay 3。 would come 4。 would slow 5。 was leaving 6。 would lend 7。 would be 8。 would help
練習二 Key：I。 1-7 CDDDBBC
II。 1。 would visit 2。 would not stay 3。 would come 4。 would slow 5。 was leaving 6。 would lend 7。 would be 8。 would help
課文：
LESSON 1
Avatars
虛擬形象
The avatar you choose says a lot about you。 The article will help you understand your choice of avatars better。
你選擇的虛擬形象能透露出你的很多資訊。這篇文章將幫助你更好地理解關於虛擬形象的選擇。
When you are online， you can be anyone or anything。 You can create your own image and a new personality。 These digital identities， known as avatars， are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves。
當你上網時，你可以是任何人或任何事物。你可以創設自己的形象，並且擁有新的個性。這些數字身份，被稱作“虛擬形象”，這是人們利用網際網路進行交流和表達自己的關鍵部分。
The first simple 2D avatars appeared in role-playing computer games in the 1980s。 Yet， very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses。 By the late1990s， they had been used in web chats like instant messenger。
二維虛擬形象最早出現在20世紀80年代的角色扮演電腦遊戲中，當時，很少有人知道虛擬形象後來會有如此廣泛的形式和用途。20世紀90年代末，虛擬形象被用於網路聊天，如即時通訊。
When people started creating their own avatars， they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all。 They could dress their avatars in fancy clothes， or they could try being someone of the opposite sex， and call themselves “Andy” instead of “Anna”！ When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people， not just their friends， they started having more than one avatar： a sensible one for work； a friendly， good-looking one for meeting people； and a silly one for having fun。 Avatars let you express yourself and they give you lots of room for creativity。
人們開始創設自己的虛擬形象時，他們發現自己將有能力創設一種新的身份，這種身份在相貌和行為上可以與真正的自我完全不同。他們可以給自己的虛擬形象穿上華麗的衣服，或者嘗試換個性別，可以給自己取名為“安迪”，而不是“安娜”。當網際網路使用者意識到很多人會看到他們的虛擬形象，而不僅僅是他們的朋友時，他們開始使用不止一個虛擬形象：一個樸素實用的虛擬形象用於工作；一個友好的、好看的虛擬形象用於交友；一個傻乎乎的虛擬形象用於取樂。虛擬形象讓你可以表達自己，還給你很多創造空間。
Of course， the avatar you choose says a lot about your personality。 If your blog avatar is a picture of a cute cat， your message is “I like relaxing and having fun”。 Well-known cartoon characters or laughing monkeys say “I’m a really funny person”。 Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them。 However， nearly all avatars are tall， young and nice-looking， so people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life。 They also experiment with things like different hairstyles—which says a lot， perhaps， about what they want to look like。
當然，你所選擇的虛擬形象會在很大程度上顯露你的個性。如果你的部落格頭像是一隻可愛的貓，你傳遞的資訊是“我喜歡放鬆和享受”。知名的卡通角色或微笑的猴子傳遞的資訊是“我是個很有趣的人”。大多數人創設的虛擬形象與他們的個性有著相似的特徵，看起來或多或少像他們，在行為上也像他們。然而，幾乎所有的虛擬形象都個頭高挑、樣貌年輕、面容較好，所以人們顯然想讓他們的虛擬形象看起來比現實生活中更好。人們還進行新的嘗試，例如換上不同的髮型，這可能從很大程度上透露了他們希望自己看起來是什麼樣子。
Nowadays， avatars are everywhere。 In most web chats， people choose an avatar from a selection of ready-made images， or create their own images。 You can also use avatars that move around and talk when you type in your message。 The avatars in online worlds can talk， walk and fly around， meet people， go shopping and attend classes。
現在，虛擬形象無處不在。在大多數網路聊天中，人們都是從現成的圖片中選擇一個作為虛擬形象，或者建立自己的圖片。當你輸入資訊時，你也可以讓虛擬形象活動起來或說話。網路世界中的虛擬形象可以交談、走路、飛行，還可以結識他人、購物和上課。
The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns。 Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world。 The use of several avatars can also be a risk， as people can use avatars to cheat others online。 However， other users view avatars in a more positive light。 They look forward to a time when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger， more exciting virtual worlds。
虛擬形象的使用也引起了一些擔憂。一些使用者擔心他們在虛擬世界中花費了太多時間，以至於開始害怕在現實世界中與人見面。使用多個虛擬形象也可能會帶來風險，因為有人可能會在網上使用虛擬形象來欺騙他人。但是，其他使用者則以更為積極的態度看待虛擬形象。他們期待著有朝一日，自己的虛擬形象會像真人一樣去環遊更廣闊、更精彩的虛擬世界。
Lesson 3
LESSON 3-a
課文：
The Internet Harms Friendships
網際網路對友誼有害
The Internet Harms Friendships
網際網路對友誼有害
While the Internet can bring people closer together， it can also harm friendships。
雖然網際網路可以讓人們更親近，但它也會損害友誼。
Firstly， talking online is no replacement for face-to-face Robert contact—images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug。 According to a parenting expert， Denise Daniels， communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others。 As we know， important social skills are developed through direct contact with other people。 It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships。
首先，在網上聊天並不能代替面對面的交流——圖片當然無法代替現實生活中的微笑或擁抱。根據育兒專家丹尼斯·丹尼爾斯的說法，透過螢幕交流會使兒童更難集中注意力或對他人表示善意。眾所周知，重要的社交技能是透過直接與他人接觸培養的，正是這些技能使我們發展終生的友誼。
Secondly， the Internet can make people self-centred—not thinking of anyone or anything but themselves。 For example， instead of having proper conversations with their friends， some people are only concerned with their online popularity—How many “likes” did I get？ How many followers do I have？—though we know that the number of “likes” or followers cannot compare to having long-term and rewarding friendships。 In addition， a lot of the content posted on social media is shallow or trivial。 Posts about funny cat images do not necessarily help form meaningful relationships。
其次，網際網路使人們以自我為中心，不去想除自己之外的任何人或任何事。例如，一些人不再和朋友好好地交談了，他們只關心自己網上的人氣——我得了多少個“贊”？多少人關注了我？——儘管我們知道有多少“贊”或關注者無法與擁有長期和有益的友誼相比。此外，很多釋出在社交媒體上的內容都很膚淺或瑣碎。在網上釋出搞笑貓咪的圖片並不一定會幫助我們發展有意義的關係。
Thirdly， online relationships may not be what they appear to be。 Friendships are built on the basis of trust， and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to is being honest about who they are。 Because of this， going online can be particularly dangerous for people who are easily influenced or too trusting。
第三，網路關係可能並不是它們看起來的樣子。友誼建立在信任的基礎上，透過線上交流，你永遠不能百分之百地確信與你交談的人是否以誠相待。因此，對於那些容易受影響或過於信任他人的人來說，上網尤其危險。
In my opinion， friends should focus more on face-to-face communication， and less on online communication。 This is the best way to maintain healthy relationships。
在我看來，朋友們應該多關注面對面的交流，少進行線上交流。這是保持健康關係的最佳方式。
LESSON 3-b
課文：
The Internet Helps Friendships
網際網路對友誼有益
The Internet can help develop friendships in many ways。
網際網路在很多方面都有助於友誼發展。
Firstly， the Internet makes communication much more convenient。 You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are or what you are doing。 Using a smartphone， a tablet or a computer， you can be in contact at home and also when you are on the move。
首先，網際網路使交流更加便捷。無論你在哪裡，在做什麼，都可以和朋友保持聯絡。透過使用智慧手機、平板電腦或電腦，無論你在家裡還是在外面都能與他人聯絡。
Secondly， the Internet has also made communication more fun。 Traditional ways of communicating， like letters and phone calls， can be limiting and take time。 However， you can share photos， videos， news stories and websites with your friends online。 You can give a brief response to a message with an emoji or a picture。 There are so many online tools you can use to be creative！
其次，網際網路也使交流變得更加有趣。傳統的溝通方式，如信件和電話，限制條件較多，而且比較耗時。而透過網際網路，你可以線上與朋友共享照片、影片、新聞故事和網站。你可以用一個表情符號或一張圖片簡短地回覆資訊。你可以使用這麼多的線上工具，讓交流變得有創意！
Thirdly， online communication can actually bring people closer to each other。 Nowadays， your friends are just a click away。 Whenever someone needs help， friends from all over the world can immediately provide useful suggestions or information。 This makes friends feel loved and cared for。 To me， this is a very thought-provoking argument， as it points out the benefits of online friendships。 As Eileen Kennedy-Moore， an authority on the subject， points out， online friends “fill holes real-life friends can’t”。
第三，線上交流實際上可以讓人們更親近。現在，只要點一下滑鼠，就能找到你的朋友。無論何時有人需要幫助，來自世界各地的朋友可以立即提供有用的建議或資訊。這能讓朋友們感到被愛和被關心。對我來說，這非常發人深省，因為它指出了線上友誼的好處。正如艾琳·肯尼迪·摩爾所指出的，網路朋友“填補了現實生活中朋友無法填補的空白”。
Finally， I believe the Internet brings people closer together and makes communication with friends more convenient and interesting。
最後，我相信網際網路能使人們更緊密地聯絡在一起，讓與朋友的交流更加方便和有趣。
Unit4 Lesson1 電子課本 雙擊圖片可放大查
北師大版高一英語新教材必修二Unit 4單詞表和聽力
Topic Talk
app/ p/n。應用程式
enable/ ’ne b l/vt。使可能，使發生
convenience/k n’v n ns/n。方便，便利
effect/ ’felt/ n。效應；影響
impact/’ mp kt/n。影響；作用
self-focused adj以自我為中心的；關注自我的
addicted/ ’diktid/adj。對……著迷的；沉迷的
be addicted to（doing）sth沉迷
indeed/ n’di：d/ad確實；當然
download/da n’lod/vt。下載
recommendation/rek men de n/n。建議，提議；推薦
super/’su：p /adj。極好的，了不起的
avatar/ ‘ v tɑ /n。（網路上代表個人的）頭像，虛擬替身，圖示
explore/ ks’pl ：/v。探究；探討；探險
personality/p s ’n l ti/n。個性，性格
admit/ad’mit/vi。＆vt。承認
alarm/ ’la：m/n。鍾
Lesson 1
image/’ m d /n。影象；形象
fancy/’f ns /adj。花哨的；別緻的
trick/tr k/vt。欺騙，誘騙，哄騙
identity/a ’dent t //n。身份；特徵
2D（2- dimensional）adj。二維的
variety/v ’ra ty/n。多樣化，變化
a variety of各種各樣的
instant/‘inst nt/adj。即時的；立刻的，馬上的
instant messenger即時通訊
sex/seks/n。性別
sensible/’sens bl/adj樸素實用的；明智的，合理的
creativity/kri：e t v t /n。創造力；獨創性
blog/bl g/n。部落格；網路日誌；。發表部落格
obviously/’ bv sl /adj顯而易見地，明顯地
experiment/ k’per m nt/vi。＆vt。做實驗，進行試驗；n實驗
nowadays/’na de s/ad現今，現時
hairstyle/’he sta l/n。髮型，髮式
selection/s ’lek n/n。供選擇的同類物品；選擇
type/ta p/vi。＆。打；打字n。型別，種類
concern/k n’s n/n。擔憂，憂慮；。與…有關；使擔心
virtual/’v t l/adj。虛擬的；模擬的
cheat vt。欺騙；欺詐
view vt。看，把……視為
Lesson 2
accommodation/ k m m＇de n/n。住處
subscribe /s b’skra b/vi。訂閱，訂購
powerful/‘pa f l/a效能高的；強有力的；強壯的
latest/le tist/adj。最新的；最近的
reality/ri’ l ti/n。現實；真實
VR（Virtual Reality）虛擬現實
AR（Augmented Reality）增強現實
MR（Mixed Reality）混合現實
account/ ’kaunt/n。賬戶
software/’s ftwe /n。計算機軟體
device/d ’va s/n。設定，裝置
mobile device移動裝置
ensure/ n’ /v。確保，保證
material/m t ’ri l/n。材料；素材
gender/’d end /n。性別
press/pres/vt。按
button/’b tn/n。按鈕
goods/g dz/n。商品
favour/’fe v /n。恩惠；善意的行為
confirm/k n’f m/ vt。確認；證實
deliver/d ’l v /vi。＆vt遞送；傳送
error/’er /n。錯誤；失誤
Lesson 3
harm/hɑ m/vt。＆n。傷害，損害
argument/’ɑ gj m nt/n。論點；論據
replace/r ’ple s/vt。取代；接替
hug/h g/n。＆vt。擁抱；緊抱
concentrate/’k ns ntreit/vi。專注，專心；集中注意力
concerned/k n’s nd/adj關切的，關心的
be concerned with關心
rewarding/ri’ w ：d /adj。有益的；有意義的
addition/ ’d n/n。增添；新增
in addition除此之外
content/’k nt nt/n。內容
shallow/’ l /adj。膚淺的；淺薄的
trivial/’tr v /adj。沒什麼價值的；微不足道的
basis/’be s s/n。基礎；基點
percent/p ’sent/ n百分比；百分數
opinion/ ’p nj n/ n意見；看法；主張
focus/’f k s/vi。給予某物關注；n焦點
focus on關注
maintain/me n’te n/vt。保持；維持
smartphone/’smɑ tf n/n。智慧手機
tablet/’t bl t/n。平板電腦；藥片；碑，牌
limiting/’l m t /adj。侷限的，限制性的
brief/bri：f/adj。簡潔的，簡明的
emoji/ ’m d /n。表情符號
creative/kr ’eit v/adi。創造性的
*thought-provoking。adj。發人深省的，令人深思的
authority/ ：’θ r t /n。權威人士；專家
Writing Workshop
profile/’pr tfa l/n。人物簡介；傳略
location/l ’ke n/n。位置；地點
optional/’ p n l/adj。可選擇的；非強制的
imaginary/ ’m d n r /adj。想象的，虛構的
fantasy/’f nt s /n。幻想作品
series/’s ri：z/n。系列
author/’ ： θ /n。作者，作家
amazing/ ’me z /adj。了不起的；驚人的
privacy/’pra v s / n。隱私
policy/’p l s /n。政策，方針
Reading Club 1
digitise/’d d ta z/vt。把…轉變成數字形式，使……數字化
sailor/’se l /n。水手，海員
accessible/ k’ses b l/adj易懂的；易得到的
Reading Club 2
wristband/’r stb nd/n。腕帶