Passive Leg Raising被動抬腿試驗
supine position仰臥位
inferior vena cava下腔靜脈
superior vena cava上腔靜脈
left ventricular outflow tract左室流出道
echocardiography超聲心動圖
Perioperative Goal-directed Therapy圍手術期目標導向治療
Iatrogenic hemodilution醫源性血液稀釋
Oxygen delivery氧氣輸送
Vasoconstrictor 血管收縮劑